MENINGITIS

Secondary prevention

                           

CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS

Close contacts (family, caregivers, individuals living with the patient and health professionals) a suspected or confirmed case of meningococcal meningitis, is a high-risk group, regardless of recent or previous immunization status. The risk of infection and to suffer clinical disease decreases with administration of chemoprophylaxis in addition to vaccination.

In cases of meningococcal meningitis should provide chemoprophylaxis to close contacts, regardless of their immunization status, especially close prolonged recommended in those with contact during the seven days before the onset of the disease and those close contacts but transiently exposed to patient secretions (for example through kissing, mouth to mouth resuscitation, intubation and handling endotracheal tube).

The administration of chemoprophylaxis in close contacts of a patient with suspected or diagnosed meningococcal meningitis, based ciprofloxacin and / or rifampin decreases the risk of infection and / or clinical disease.

Chemoprophylaxis scheme is recommended in patients with near diagnosed or suspected meningococcal meningitis based on any of these antibiotics contacts schemes:

1. Rifampicin at doses of 600 mg each

12 hours for 2 days (4 doses);

2. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg single dose,

3. Ceftriaxone 250 mg to 1 g single dose intramuscular or intravenous.

Etiological agents

The cause of bacterial community-acquired meningitis, etiologic agents depend on factors such as age, immune status and risk factors. In immunocompetent adult patients the agents most frequently isolated as a cause of acute bacterial meningitis in the community are:

• Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis, in 80% of cases; followed by Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus.

• Gram-negative bacilli such as E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and P. aeruginosa, contribute less than 10% of cases.

• Haemophilus influenza type b (about 10%) is a less common cause due to universal immunization.

                      

OPINION

Throughout the ulktimas weeks I have estdo talking about meningitis so I quite striking how is that affecting other parts of body , and that prevention is very important so that there are two primary and secondary prevention .

Each with their respective bases to prevent the disease , primary prevention uimioprofilaxis the application of which is llebar control management application of vaccines to prevent the manifestation of emfermedad .

BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.cenetec.salud.gob.mx/descargas/gpc/CatalogoMaestro/310_GPC_Diagnostico_tratamiento_MENINGITIS_AGUDA_BACTERIANA/RER_Diagnostico_y_tratamiento_de_MENINGITIS_AGUDA_BACTERIANA.pdf

CAROLINA PÉREZ GARCÍA